As we learned in Chapter One, this has to do with the fact that comic strips evolved from newspapers, or mass-printed text media, while animated films evolved from the cinema, or visual media. It is also worth recalling that audio media caused the development of comic strips; the spread of the phonograph inspired evolution of cartoon figures in newspapers into "characters." Even animated films began as part of vaudeville stage shows, with performers (McCay proudly played the role) having a pre-show talk to the audience. Eventually, animation evolved from this kind of magic show to a genre of film shown in theaters. While paper media never included sound, which was physically impossible from the beginning, film did with technological innovations. Indeed, the popularity of radio as a sound medium played an important role in this process, as will be discussed in the next chapter. Along with this trend, animated film characters acquired "voices". Recall the fact that prior to this, comic strips and animated films had been intermingling, with the same characters appearing in two different media in the late 1910s. That took a new turn when the cinema got its sound in the mid-1920s. As a result, the argument about what a "character" developed into a more complicated one that also involved interests. Before discussing this topic, I will conclude this chapter with a brief overview of what the genius Winsor McCay saw in the new era. soa natural?

As we learned in Chapter One1, this has to do with the fact that comic strips evolved from newspapers, orand other mass-printed text media, whilelikewise, animated films evolved from the cinema, orand visual media.

It is also worth recallingnoting that audio media caused the further development of comic strips; the spread of the phonograph inspired the evolution of cartoon figurescaricatures in newspapers into "characters."

EvenAnimated animated films began as sort of a part of vaudeville stage shows, with performers such as Winsor McCay (McCaywho proudly played thethis role) having a sort of pre-talk show talkwith to the audience.

Eventually, animation evolved from this kind of magic show to a genre of filmits own to be shown in theaters.

While paper media never included sound, which wasof physicallycourse impossibleis fromdue theto beginningphysical limitations, film eventually did so with technological innovations.

Indeed,The the popularity of radio as a sound medium played an important role in this process, (as will be discussed in the next chapter.),

Alongthus following along with this trend, animated film characters acquired "voices".

Recall the fact that prior to thisRemember, comic strips and animated films had been intermingling, withas the same characters appearingappeared in two different media insince the late 1910s.,

Thatthat took aits new turn when the cinema got its sound inaround the mid-1920s.

As a direct result, the argument about what a "character" is developed into a more complicated onequestion that also involved interests.

BeforeBut before discussing this topic, I will conclude this chapter with a brief overview of what the genius Winsor McCay sawhad seen in thethis new era.