Questions about example sentences with, and the definition and usage of "Advances"

A: In this sentence, they are saying that the advances in technology have changed the method that students use to study.

It could also be said like this:
“Advances in technology have literally transformed the methods that students use to learn and study.”

(For example, students use computers more often than books now)

I hope that helps some!

A: Advances in weather prediction is very rapid. A 5-day forecast nowadays is as accurate as a 1-day forecast was in 1980. Why is it more and more precise for that since then? The latest report published in science suggests that there are 3 factors contributing to this progress.
First of all, improved observations, particularly by remote-sensing satellites, presenting valuable global information several times a day, enabling us to obtain timely warnings and have enough time to evacuate affected areas when disasters are imminent.
Secondly, thanks to faster, more powerful computers, scientists get sufficient computational capabilities to emulate awful weather conditions and thus, to be able to make a good anticipation of potential paths and scales that bad weather would in fact be bad.
Finally, improved data science and enhanced machinery are learning to make data more fit into models to boost the precision rate they show.
I think weather forecast will play a more vital role in protecting prosperity and welfare for us.

A: Advances in human knowledge are used in all fields. Unfortunately, in the fields of politics and economics, some intellectual people are abusing their knowledge, raising the possibility of a third world war and eventually their own demise.